In the context of adolescent health, what is a major contributing factor to low bone density?

Inadequate calcium intake is a crucial factor affecting bone density, particularly in adolescents who are in a significant phase of growth and development. During adolescence, the body requires higher amounts of calcium to support the formation and strengthening of bones. This is the period when peak bone mass is achieved, and insufficient calcium intake can lead to a reduction in bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures later in life.

While excessive physical activity can potentially lead to injuries and has complex effects on bone health, it is not typically a direct contributor to low bone density in the same way that inadequate calcium is. Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables is generally beneficial for overall health, including bone health, as these foods often contain other important nutrients and compounds, such as vitamin K and magnesium, which support bone health. Additionally, frequent sun exposure is associated with vitamin D synthesis, which is essential for calcium absorption; therefore, it typically supports healthy bones rather than contributing to low bone density.